Railway - easy deployment
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Example
German dative plural with umlaut (unsern Vätern)
German unser-n Väter-n glossed our-DAT.PL father\PL-DAT.PL: syncretism and umlaut marked in Leipzig style.
Example layout based on an example in the Wikipedia article Interlinear gloss (illustrative; Leipzig-style conventions).
What this example shows
The German phrase unsern Vätern means “to our fathers”. The plural of Vater is Väter, where the vowel changes from a to ä instead of an ending being added. Marking that vowel change in a gloss needs a special notation, and this example shows how, alongside the dative plural that appears on both words.
Where the plural lives
The plural and the case sit on both the possessive and the noun:
- unser-n our-DAT.PL
- The possessive “our” with a dative plural ending.
- Väter-n father\PL-DAT.PL
- The plural shows in the vowel change father to Väter, written with a backslash, and the dative plural ending -n adds with a hyphen.
The backslash for a vowel change
A hyphen separates pieces that sit next to each other, but the umlaut plural is not a separable piece: it is a change inside the stem. Leipzig conventions write that with a backslash, so father\PL means the plural is shown by the vowel, not by an added ending. The dative -n, which is a real suffix, keeps its hyphen. One word can use both marks at once.
More on the backslash and the other marks:
Recreate it in the editor
Open the example and type the backslash in the gloss line where a category shows as a stem change. Set the morpheme boundary character under Settings → Tokens for the parts that do separate, then export the diagram as PNG, SVG, or PDF.
See also
Related examples:
- Latin zero morpheme marks a case that has meaning but no sound.
- Turkish case and verb morphology shows case marked by plain suffixes for contrast.
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